Contents

2 1♣ OPENING

5 1♦ OPENING

5 1NT OPENING

10 2NT OPENING XFER PREEMPT TO ♦

AFTER 1NT OVERCALL OF A MAJOR

TWO WAY CHECKBACK

11 2/1 COMPLETE GAME FORCE

11 GAME TRIES

FOURTH SUIT

12 1♥ OPENINGS

13 1♠ OPENINGS

14 JACOBY 2NT

18 2♣ OPENINGS

20 2♦ OPENINGS

21 GOOD BAD 2NT

OVER OPPONENTS 1NT

OVER OPPONENTS 1NT OVERCALL (MINOR)

22 2NT AND ROMAN JUMPS OVER OPPONENTS WEAK 2

23 3NT OVERCALL

VS WEAK NT

DRURY

1430 KEY CARD IN MAJORS

EXCLUSION BLACKWOOD

TO DOUBLE OVER WEAK 2

25 MICHAELS’S CUE BID

NAMYATS

ADVANCERS ACTIONS (after 1 level overcall)

26 RETRANSFER AFTER 1NT or 2NT REBID

27 REVERSES

OVER PENALTY X OF 1NT

28 SANDWHICH AUCTIONS

BALANCING NT

SHARRIF 3♦ OPENING

SUPPORT X

UNUSUAL VS UNUSUAL

29 AFTER DON’T DOUBLE

WEAK 2♥ AND WEAK 2♠

TRANSFERS OVER OPP TO X

30 TRANSFERS AFTER 1¨ OVERCALL

31 TRANSFERS AFTER 1© OVERCALL

JUMP RAISE IN COMP

31 JUMP Q BIDS

FIT SHOWING JUMPS

TRANSFER AFTER OPPONENTS NEG X (not ♦ overcall)

DEFENSIVE CARDING

34 TRAP DOUBLES

35 SPECIAL AUCTIONS

We make a TO X and opponent bids

Power auctions after our TO double

Opponent’s Responder q bids our overcall

Mixed raise rules

Over Opponent’s 3 of minor

Delayed Heart Raises

Inverted Minor § auction

All sample hands from actual play

1§ OPENNING

2♣ = 4+♣ GF

2♦ = 4+♣ exactly inv. (balanced )

2♥ = 5+♥ and 4♠ 6-9PC

2NT = forcing

responder bids out shape

3♣ = non force

2♠ = 4+♣ weakest raise or strong splinter

2NT = forcing able to accept game opposite some weak jump raises

responder shows singleton at 3 level signs off or bids 3NT with minimums

2NT = forcing

3♣ = mixed raise

3♦/♥/♠ = 9-11(12) 0-1♦/♥/♠ ® now 4♣ to play

4♣ = pre.

4♦ = ♣ RKCB

4♥/♠ = to play

1§ - 1¨ could be directionless type hand with no major ie 3 card suit.

1§ - 1© - 3¨= Jump reverse to 3¨ shows unbalanced 4 card © raise with minimum opening bid and not a high degree of wastage.

Singleton is unknown, opener might also be 22 with minimal wastage 3♠ asks singleton ,1^st step = 22 then singletons. Could also be 5 level splinter.

1§ - 1© - 3© = Full value non forcing raise without large degree of duplication. 3♠ by responder is ask - no singleton (4432 18 count), 2/2, singleton lower , singleton higher.

1§ - 1© - 3ª = Average 4 level splinter in either ª or ¨. 3NT asks, 4♣ = ¨ singleton,

4♦ = ª singleton. (note revised treatment when playing 2¨opening 18-19)

1§ - 1© - 3NT = Solid § 17-20 (note revised treatment when playing 2¨opening 18-19)

1§ - 1© - 4§ = Balanced 4 level raise. Responder bids 4¨ with fitting and or limit values inviting opener to continue. (note revised treatment when playing 2¨opening 18-19)

1§ - 1© - 4¨ = 4 level © raise with 6 or 7 card § suit. (note revised treatment when playing 2¨opening 18-19)

1§ - 1© - 4© = Distributional raise with minimum opening bid (usually 11 cards in 2 suits)

1§ - 1ª -3¨ = Jump reverse to 3¨ shows unbalanced 4 card ª raise with minimum opening bid and not a high degree of wastage.

Opener has singleton ♦ or 22 with minimal wastage. Could also be 5 level splinter. Relay asks

1§ - 1ª - 3© = Jump reverse to 3© shows unbalanced 4 card ª raise with minimum opening bid and not a high degree of wastage.

Singleton is known. Could also be 5 level splinter

1§ - 1ª - 3ª = Full value non forcing raise without large degree of duplication. 3NT by responder is shape ask then, no singleton (4432 18 count), 2/2, singleton lower , singleton higher. 4 level cue bids by responder are ?.

1§ - 1ª - 3NT = Solid § 17-20(note revised treatment when playing 2¨opening 18-19)

1§ - 1ª - 4§= Average 4 level splinter in either ¨ or ©. 4¨ asks, 4© = ♦ singleton, 4ª = ♥ singleton. (note revised treatment when playing 2¨opening 18-19)

1§ - 1ª - 4¨ = Balanced 4 level raise. Responder bids 4© with fitting and or limit values inviting opener to continue. (note revised treatment when playing 2¨opening 18-19)

1§ - 1ª - 4©= 4 level ª raise with solid 6 or 7 card § suit(note revised treatment when playing 2¨opening 18-19)

1§ - 1ª - 4ª = Distributional raise with minimum opening bid. (usually 11 cards in 2 suits)

1♣,1♦ (P) 1♥ (P)

2♥ 2♠ = asking (responder must use this checkback when holding only 4 trumps , bidding at 3 level promises 5 trumps by responder)

2NT = semi natural 3 trump raise no singletons

3♣ or 3♦ to play

3♣ = 3 trump raise minimum unbalanced (responder could pass 3♣)

3♦ relay asks shortness in ♣ auction (to play in ♦ auction) 3♥ = relay in ♦ auction

3♦ = 3 trump raise max unbalanced

3♥ relay asks shortness

3♥ = to play 4 trumps

3♠ = 3 trump max balanced

3NT = ♠ splinter

2NT also forcing over 2♥ with fourth ♠

3♠ by opener non force

1♣,1♦ (P) 1♠ (P)

2♠ 2NT = asking (responder must use this checkback when holding only 4 trumps , bidding at 3 level promises 5 trumps by responder)

3♣ = 3 trump raise minimum balanced (responder could pass 3♣ or correct to 3♦ in ♦ auction)

3♦ = 3 trump raise minimum unbalanced 3♥ asks singletom

3♥ = 3 trump raise maximum unbalanced relay asks singleton (whenever max is shown relay asks)

3♠ = 4 card support

3NT = 3 trump raise max balanced

1§ - 1NT - 3¨ = 3316 strong

3© = 3136

3ª = 1336

4♣ non forcing

1§ - 2NT (when playing 2NT forcing) *

3§ = forcing to game

3¨ = forcing to game

3© = singleton

3ª= singleton

4♣ = ace asking

4¨ = Texas to ©

4© = Texas to ª

2NT JUMP SHIFT OVER 1§ - 1¨

1§ - 1¨

2NT - 3§ = relay to 3¨

3¨ = 5+¨ bal

3© = 4♠ 11+PC

3ª = 4♥ 11+PC

4§ = §RKCB

4¨ = ¨RKCB

4©/ª = exclusion §

1§ - 1¨

2NT - 3§

3¨ - 3© = 0-1©

3ª = 0-1ª

3NT = § mild slam try

4§ = § slam try

4©/ª = exclusion ¨

2NT JUMP SHIFT OVER 1§, 1♦ - 1♥

1§ - 1♥

2NT 3§ = shows openers minor

3¨ forces 3© (in © auction)

3NT = natural choice of game

3♠ asks specifically for 3 trumps

3© = spades 4-4 or 4-5 (guarantees 4 ª’s)

opener rebids at 4 level with 4 card ª suit,

opener bids 3ª with 3 card © support

opener bids 3NT without 3 card © support

3♠ = other minor

in ♦ auction responder tends to be canapé in black suits

in ♣ auction responder is generally 5/5 in pointed suits

2NT JUMP SHIFT OVER 1§,1♦ - 1♠(note revised treatment when playing 2¨opening 18-19)

1§ - 1♠

2NT 3§ = shows openers minor

3¨ = checkback, bid 3 card ª support first, bid 3© with 3 or 4 ©’s then responder bids 3ª with 4 ©’s

3♥ = spade transfer

3♠ = other minor

2NT JUMP SHIFT OVER 1§,1♦ - 1 © 1♠ (when playing 2¨ opening 18-19 balanced)

openers 2NT rebid shows 6 card minor 15-18 “trick taker”forcing 1 round or 2425 4225 4252 2452 power raises (allowing step bids by responder if interested ) opener may also jump to 4 of responders major with uninterested power raises

1§ - 1♥

2NT 3§ = to play

3¨,3©,3ª = probes, 4§ = 2425 power raise

3¨ = checkback force

3© =natural force

3♠ = 5,6

1§ - 1ª

2NT 3§ = to play

3¨,3©,3ª = probes, 4§ = 4225 power raise

3¨ = checkback force

3© =5-5 majors forcing

3♠ = natural

1¨ - 1♥

2NT 3§ = checkback force

3¨ = to play

3©,3ª = probes, 4§ = 2452 power raise

3© =natural force

3♠ = 5,6

1¨ - 1ª

2NT 3§ = checkback force

3¨ = to play

3©,3ª = probes, 4§ = 4252 power raise

3© =5-5 majors forcing

3♠ = natural

1¨ OPENNING

2♣ = 4+♣ GF

2♦ = 4+♦¨ inverted

2♥ = 5+♠ and 4+♥ 6-9PC

2NT = forcing

responder bids out shape

3♣ = directionless force

3♦ = negative

2♠ = 4+♦ weakest raise or strong splinter (over openers 3♦ rebid show singleton ,3NT = singleton ♣ limited , 4♣ = strong singleton ♣)

2NT = forcing*

3♣ = 6+♣ inv.

3♦ = mixed raise

3/♥/♠ = 9-11(12) 0-1/♥/♠ ® now 4♦ to play

4♣ = ♦RKCB

4♦ = pre

4♥/♠ = to play

1¨ - 1NT – 3§ = strong jump shift natural

3© = 3163 strong jump shift values

3ª = 1363 strong jump shift values

4♦ non forcing

1¨ - 2NT (when playing 2NT forcing) *

3§ = forcing to game

3¨ = forcing to game

3© = singleton

3ª= singleton

4♣ = ace asking

4¨ = Texas to ©

4© = Texas to ª

1NT OPENINGS

1N- 2♣

2♦- 2♥ = crawling stayman

2♠ = invitational distributional playable only in ♠ (also 1N - 2♣ - 2♥ -2♠*)

4♣ = quantitative with major and 4 card minor

4♦ = relay asks minor

4♥ = ♣

4♠ asks

4NT = minimum

4♠ = ♦ with minimum

4NT = ♦ with maximum

4♥ = 5 card ♣ suit

4♠ = 5 card ♦ suit

4NT = always negative by opener

5NT = forcing in above auctions

4♥ = 55majors opener chooses

♠J5
♥K964
♦32
♣Q9876

Dlr: South
Vul: Both

♠A84
♥QJ
♦AJT8
♣KT53

♠K976
♥A52
♦KQ74
♣AJ

♠QT32
♥T873
♦965
♣42

1NT – 2♣

2♦ - 4♣

4♦ - 4NT

5♣- 6♦

4♦, 4♥ = texas

1N – 2♣

2♥ - 3♠= ♥ forcing. 3N asks singleton responder then shows singletons at 4 level (no void step available)

1N- 2♣

2♠- 3 ♥ = force

relay asks shortness void step first

4♣ = balanced slam try in opener’s major

4♦ = ♣ + other major

4 other major = ♦ + major

1N-2D opener generally bids 2H. The only way to super accept H is to bid 2S.

If opener super accepts with 2ª then 2NT = retransfer , all other continuations show relay hands

1N 2D 2H 2S=relay forces 2N then:

3C=4441.

3D=4414.

3H=5/5/majors invitational.

3S=5/5 majors force.

3NT=5/5 majors but also minor suit stoppers

4C or 4D = fragment (and void in 4^th suit)

E Deals

E-W Vul

AT9

QJ32

J986

KQ754

J8643

	N
W		E
	S

J83

KQ2

AT87

AK3

AT5

9654

T752

EW 4N; EW 4♠; EW 4♥; EW 2♦; EW 2♣; Optimal Contract −630

1N 2D

2H 2S=relay forces

2N then: 3NT=5/5 majors but also minor suit stoppers

1N 2D 2H 2N=natural, opener can bid 3C, 3D to further game try.

1N 2D 2H 3C,3D=natural force does not promise slamish values.

4 of other minor shows good fit for both responders suits

in auctions where there is no “space” ie ¨ over © opener cannot move if responder bids 3NT

1N 2D 2H 3H=natural invitation

1N 2D 2H 3S=long H forcing. 3N asks singleton responder then shows singletons at 4 level (no void step available)

1N 2D 2H 3N=natural

1N 2D 2H 4C=slam try no shortness, opener bids 4♦ last train

1N 2D 2H 4D=

1N 2D 2H 4H=slam try weaker trump no shortness

1N 2D 2H 4N=quantitative

1N 2D 2S Only heart super accept. Responder bids 2N with heart length. All other responder bids shown hand types of relay above.

Jacoby Sequences

1N 2H 2S 2N=natural, opener may bid 3C,3D or 3H to re game try

1N 2H 2S 3C,3D=natural force not necessarily slammish

1N 2H 2S 3H= unbalanced force with long spades. Opener rebids 3S. Res bids 3N to show void (opener relays with 4C to find void 4D=C 4H=D 4S=H) or shows singleton 4C=C 4D=D 4H=H

1N 2H 2S 3S=natural

1N 2H 2S 3N=natural

1N 2H 2S 4C= slam try no shortness,

1N 2H 2S 4D=

1N 2H 2S 4H=

1N 2H 2S 4S= slam try weaker trump no shortness

1N 2H 2S 4N=quantitative

1N 2H 2S 5N=quantitative

Super Acceptances show 4 trump

1N 2H 2N Super accept with H doubleton. 3H=retransfer

1N 2H 3C Super accept with C doubleton. 3H=retransfer

1N 2H 3D Superaccept with D doubleton. 3H=retransfer

1N 2H 3S Superaccept with 4 trump good values

1N – 2N – 3C = don’t like D

1N – 2N – 3D = like D

1N – 2N – 3C - 3D to play

1N – 2N – 3C or 3D – 3H = shortness

1N – 2N – 3C or 3D – 3S = shortness

1N – 2N – 3C or 3D – 4C = shortness

1N – 2N – 3C or 3D – 4D = 1430 redwood

1N – 2N – 3C or 3D – 4H, 4S, 5C = exclusion bw

OPTIONAL:

1NT - 2ª = either clubs or 2nt raise

opener cannot bid 3§ without maximum

allowing responder to guarantee a major with stayman or acceptance as follows when not using this option

(1N – 2S – 2N = “don’t like clubs”

1N – 2S - 3C = “like clubs”)

1N – 2S – 2N - 3C to play

1N – 2S – 2N or 3C– 3D*= either short D or mild quantitative raise/ 3H asks/ 3S = short D, 3N = mild quantitative raise

1N – 2S – 2N or 3C – 3H, 3S = shortness

1N – 2S – 2N or 3C – 4C = 1430 redwood

1N – 2S – 2N or 3C – 4D, 4H, 4S = exclusion bw

1N – 2S – 2N or 3C– 4N = full quantitative

1N 3C 3D asks res to bid 3H with 31xy, bid 3S 13xy, bid 3NT with 22xy

Res may bid higher with quantitative values (not res 3NT with 13xy).

1N 3C 3H natural

1N 3C 3S natural

1N 3C 3N to play

1NT - 3¨

3©, 3ª = concentration

4§, 4¨ = not redwood, slot bid by responder shows interest

1N 3D 3N To play

1N 3H 3S natural,

1N 3H 3N Natural

1N 3♠

4♣ = slam try any suit relay asks suit

4♦ = xfer to hearts poor hand

4♥ = excellent hearts (5 card suit)

1N 4N = 3343 or 3334

1N 4♠ = 44 minors

1N 4♣ = gerber

TRANSFERSOHL

(2§) x = stayman all other system on

(2¨) 2NT = xfer to §,

3♥ = ♠

3♠ = ♥ canapes

3♣ = stayman (unbalanced),

3¨= transfer to ♥, 3© = transfer to ª, invitational values

3♠ = HCP to play 3NT no stopper

(2♥) 2NT = xfer to § (correction to 3 ♦ = to play),

3♥ = ♠ canapé

3♠ = q bid

3NT = balanced cards no stopper

3§ = xfer to ¨ (invitational values)

3¨ = xfer to ♠(invitational values, opener can Q ♥ with acceptance and choice of game),

3♥ Q bid = stayman (unbalanced),

3♠ = HCP to play 3NT both minors

(2♠) 2NT = xfer to §(correction to 3 of red suit = to play),

3NT = balanced cards no stopper

3§ = xfer to ¨(invitational values) ,

3¨ = xfer to ♥(invitational values, opener can Q ♠ with acceptance and choice of game),

3♠ Q bid = stayman (unbalanced),

3♥ = HCP to play 3NT both minors

Jumps to 3NT to play

HIGHER INTERVENTION OVER 1NT

1NT – ( 2NT ) - 3§ = 5-4 M’s

3¨ = © inv +

3© = ª inv +

3NT = 5-5 M’s game

4§ = 5-5 M’s slam.

4♦,4♥ = texas

2. 1NT – ( 3§ ) - 3¨ = © inv +

3© = ª inv +

3♠ = ♦

3NT = SO

4§ = 5-5 M’s

4♦,4♥ = texas

1NT –( 3¨ ) - 3© = ª inv +

3ª = © GF

3NT = SO

4§ = M’s

4♦,4♥ = texas

(no way to show ♣)

1NT – (3♥) - 3ª = ♣

X = 4 or 5ª (opener bids 3ª with 3 and 4 ª with 4)

4♥ = texas

4♣ = ♦

4♠ = ♣ + ♦

4NT = minors

5. 1NT – (3♠) - 4♣ = ♦

4♦ = ♥

4♥ = ♣

4♠ = minors

6. 1NT – (4♣) - 4♦ = ♥

4♥ = ♠

4♠ = ♦

4NT = to play

TEXAS

Texas on over interference through 4♣

1N – 4D – 4H -4S = exclusion bw, 4N = 1430 bw, 5C,5D = exclusion bw

1N- 4H – 4S – 4N = 1430 bw 5C, 5D, 5H = exclusion bw

OPPONENT DOUBLES STAYMAN

1NT (P) 2♣ (X)

XX = business (with 4 trump , with 5 trump pass and hope for xx)

2♦ = no major with ♣ stopper

2♥ = ♥ + ♣ stopper

2♠ = ♠ + ♣ stopper

Pass = no ♣ stopper

1NT (P) 2♣ (X) P (P) XX (P)

2♦ = no major, no stopper

2♥ = ♠

2♠ = ♥

2NT = both majors

3♣ = slam try in ♥

3♦ = retransfer

3♦ = slam try in ♠

3♥ = retransfer

1NT (P) 2♣ (X) P (P)

2♦,2♥ = normal weak

2♠ = invitational only in ♠

3♣ = 3 suiter with void

3♦ = ♦ and major void in ♣

3♥ = reverse smolen with ♣ void

3♠ = reverse smolen with ♣ void

4 major to play

OPPONENT DOUBLES TRANSFER

If opponent doubles a major suit transfer,

XX = business

accept shows fit, + stopper in opponents suit

pass shows no stopper in opponents suit and or doubleton in major

xx by responder = retransfer (in ♥ auction responder must xx with 4441 etc)

If responder bids new suit it is forcing.

After XX retransfer then if responder bids new suit it is non forcing

If responder accepts his own transfer it is invitational

If responder jumps and accepts his own transfer it is forcing

2NT OPENING XFER PREEMPT TO ♦

2NT – 3§ asks, opener bids better major or rebids 3¨ with minimum

2NT - 3¨ = negative

AFTER 1NT OVERCALL OF A MAJOR

After a 1NT overcall of a major

2♣ = ♦ transfer

2♦ = transfer to other major

Q bid = stayman

2♥ = ♣ transfer (in ♠ auction)

2♠ = ♣ transfer (in ♥ auction)

2NT by opener = doesn’t like ♣

3♣ by opener = likes ♣

2NT = natural

3♣,3♦ = front of card

2/1 COMPLETE GAME FORCE

2/1s are completely game forcing

Rebid major with minimum (even with only 5 cards)

Opener,s jump rebid shows solid suit with extras

Opener’s jump shift to 3 level = extra value 2 suiter

Opener’s raise of responders minor shows 4 card support

Openers jump to 4 level shows splinter

1♦ (P) 2♣ (P)

3♣* = does not guarantee 4 card support as in major opening 2/1

1♠ (P) 2 minor (P)

2♥ (P) 3♥ (P)

3♠* = not cue, shows 6 + ♠

Passed hand 2/1 variations

Opener rebids suit at 2 level = non force

Opener raises responders suit to 3 level = non force

New suit by opener = forcing

New suit at 3 level by opener = game force

2♥ or 2♠ rebid by opener = semi natural, forcing

After P (P) 1♦ (P)

2♣ (P) 2NT= non force

TWO WAY CHECKBACK

After a 1NT rebid 2§ forces 2¨ (opener has no options) Responders rebids are invitational.

After a 1NT rebid 2¨ is a game force. Hide 4 card ♥ holdings at this point

After a 1NT rebid 3§ is always to play

After a 1NT rebid 3¨, 3©, 3ª are slammish one suiters , two suiters or raises. § slam trys must start with 2¨

After a 1NT rebid over a 1© response ,2ª = 44 majors 10-12

After a 1NT rebid 2 of a major shows no invitational strength

After a 1NT rebid 2NT is natural with no 5 card suits. With a 5 card suit and invitational values, responder bids 2§ first and over 2¨ bids 2NT

1m – 1♠ - 1NT – 2♦ 2♠ = 3 cards, 2♥ denial does not guarantee 4 ♥s

By passed hand revert to new minor forcing, weak jumps to 3§ and 3¨ remain the same

GAME TRIES

1M -2M new suit = help suit try

1©-2© -2ª forces 2NT opener then makes a short suit try (© = replacement for ª)

1ª-2ª- 2NT forces 3§ then opener makes a short suit try (singleton ask key is always lowest to lowest thus 3♦= ♣ shortness…)

These trys could be slammish also

FOURTH SUIT

1§-1¨-1©-1ª = not game force

1§-1¨-1©-2ª = game force with ♠

Other 4^th suit auctions forcing to game

1¨ -1© -1ª -3§ = to play weak 4-6 (see special 4^th suit auctions)

1© - 1ª - 2§ - 3♦ = weak 4-6 (see special 4^th suit auctions)

1§ -1©-1ª -3¨ = forcing

2 special 4^th suit auctions

1© - 1ª - 2§ - 2© = 4^th suit game forcing (not slammish in majors)

1© - 1ª - 2§ - 2¨ = puppet to 2© (starts all invitational sequences) then

2♠ = 6 card suit HCP to accept 3NT

2NT = natural 5 card ♠ suit

3♣ = natural

3♦ = natural

3♥ = playable only in ♥

3♠ = playable only in ♠

1© - 1ª - 2§ - 2NT invitational no 5 card ♠ suit

1© - 1ª - 2§ - 3♣ = courtesy raise

1© - 1ª - 2§ - 3♦ = weak 4-6

1© - 1ª - 2§ - 3♥ = slammish

1© - 1ª - 2§ - 3♠ = slammish

1¨ - 1© - 1ª - 2¨= 4^th suit game forcing (not slammish except in ♣)

1¨ - 1© - 1ª - 2§ = puppet to 2¨ starting all invitational sequences

2♥ = invite with 6 card suit with HCP to accept 3NT

2♠ = natural with HCP to accept 3NT

2NT (invitational with 5 card ♥ suit)

3♣ = natural

3♦ = natural

3♥ = playable only in ♥

3♠ = playable only in ♠

1¨ - 1© - 1ª - 2NT (invitational no 5 card ♥ suit)

1¨ - 1© -1ª -3§ = to play weak 4-6

1¨ - 1© - 1ª - 3♦, = slammish

1¨ - 1© - 1ª - 3♥ = slammish

1¨ - 1© - 1ª - 3♠ = slammish

Special Puppet 4^th suit auctions are not applicable by passed hands

1♥ OPENINGS

1♥ - 1♠

with 3532 and 3523 opener must raise to 2♠ showing 3

with 2533 , or any natural 2♦ rebid opener rebids 1NT then

2♣ = puppet to 2♦ could start invitational sequence

2♦ = transfer to 2♥ could start game force sequence

2♥ = doubleton 8 – 10 HCP

2♠ = natural

2NT = natural no 5^th spade

3♣ = to play weak

3♦, 3♥, 3♠ = slammish (whenever invitational and game force sequences are available bidding beyond is slammish except 3♣)

1♥ - 1♠ -

2♣ = natural

1♥ - 1♠ -

2♦ = artificial shows 6 card heart suit (after 2♥ by responder opener may make strong descriptive rebids)

1♥ - 1♠ -

2♥ = artificial 4 card ♠ raise minimum

2♠

2NT = 2,2 18-19 HCP

3♣,3♦ = fragment 11-14 HCP

3ª = 2,2 with concentration 11-14 HCP

1© - 1ª

2NT = natural

3§ = ¨ transfer

3© = 55 blacks

3ª = 55 pointed

3NT = 4 ªand longer ¨

3¨ = © transfer

3© = ª transfer

3ª = 4 ª and longer §

1© - 1NT

2§ = 2+ ( 3532 or 4522 )

1© - 1NT

2§ - 2¨ = puppet to 2©

2© = 9-10PC, 2©

2ª = courtesy raise

2NT = 10-11PC, no 4§

3§ = 6§ weak

3¨ = 6¨ weak

3© = 3© inv.

3ª = 6+§, 0-1ª

3NT = (4333) 12-14PC, choice of game

1© - 1NT

2§ - 2¨

2© - 2ª = 10-11PC, 5§

2NT = 10-11PC,4§

3§ = 9-10PC, 6+§

3¨ = 10-11PC, 6+¨

3© = 5+good§ and Ax or Kx in ©

1© -1NT - 2ª = artificial game force.

1© - 1NT

2ª ® a) = 4+ªGF

b) = 6+©GF

c) = 4§GF

d) = 4¨GF

1©- 1NT

2ª - 2NT ® ask ® 3§ = 4§

3¨ = 4¨

3© = 6+©

3ª = 5ª

3NT = 4ª

1© - 1NT

2ª - 3§/¨ = my own suit forcing to 4 of minor

3© = 3© very bad hand

1© - 1NT – 2NT

Responder xfers 3♣ = ♦,3♦ =♥ ,3♥ = both minors , 3♠ = ♣

1©- 1NT - 3§,3¨ = 3§/¨ ® 5+§/¨GF

1© -1NT - 4§ or 4¨ = singleton with 4© rebid.

1♥ - 2♠ = both minors invitational

1© - 3ª = mini splinter, 3NT asks (singleton showing is always lowest to show lowest)

1♠ OPENINGS

1ª-1NT-2§ (opener rebids 2§ with 3-2 in minors) -2¨ = © transfer(with 5 but may not have length in ©)

1ª - 1NT

2§ - 2¨ = puppet to 2©, bid 2© with 2-3© or 2ª with 0-1©

2© - 2ª = 2 ª 8-9 hcp

2NT = 10-11PC, 5©

3§ = 10-11PC, 5§

3¨ = 10-11PC, 6+¨ (bad ♦ suit or 4-6 reds, not possible by passed hand)

3© = 5/5 ♣ and ♥

3ª = 5+ good § and Ax or Kx in ª

1ª - 1NT

2§ - 2© = 6+© 5-8PC

2ª = weak

2NT = 10-11PC no 5§

3§ = 6§ weak

3¨ = 6¨ weak

3© = 8-9PC 6+© very good suit

3ª = 3ª limit

3NT = 12-14 (4333)

1ª - 1NT

2§ - 2¨

2♠ - 2NT = 10-11PC, 5♥

3§ = to play

3¨ = 10-11PC, 6+¨ (bad ♦ suit or 4-6 reds)

3© = 5 ♣ and inv values rebid forcing to 4♣

3ª = 5+ good § and Ax or Kx in ª

1ª-1NT- 2¨

2© = puppet to 2ª either to play or starts invitational sequence

2© - 2ª

2NT = ¨ support natural

3§ = reasonable § suit

3¨ = invitational

3© = reasonable ©suit

3ª = Ax or Kx in ª with ¨ support

1ª-1NT- 2¨ - 2ª = doubleton 8,9 HCP

1ª-1NT- 2¨ - 3¨ = courtesy raise

1ª-1NT- 2¨ - 3♥ = weak

1ª-1NT- 2¨ - 3NT = 3334 or3343 choice of game

1ª-1NT -2© -2NT- 3§ = puppet to 3¨ to prepare to play 3© or 3ª direct 3© or 3ª is forcing

1ª-1NT -2© - 3♥ = courtesy raise

3♣ = limit raise in ♥

1ª-1NT-2NT-3§ = ¨ transfer

3¨ = © transfer

3© = ª transfer

3ª = both minors

1ª - 1NT

3§ ® a) = 4+§GF

b) = ex.4© GF

c) = 6+ª GF

1ª - 1NT

3§ - 3¨® ask ®3© = 4©

4♣ = ♥ raise

3ª = 6+ª

3NT = 4§

4§ = 5+§ good hand

1ª - 1NT

3§ - 3© = my own suit 6 or 5 very good

3ª = 3ª very bad hand

4ª = to play 3ª 4-6PC

1ª-1NT-3¨= forcing jump shift

1ª-1NT-3© = forcing jump shift 5 5 in majors

4♣ = ♥ raise

1ª-1NT - 4§ or 4¨ = singleton with 4♠ rebid.

1ª - 3NT = mini splinter, 3NT asks (singleton showing is always lowest to show lowest)

JACOBY 2NT

1©, 1ª, - 2NT – jump to 4 of major = absolute worst hand (1 control)

1©- 2NT - 3§ = minimum hand, 3¨ asks,

3© = void (relay asks void)

3♠ = balanced with controls

3NT =♣ singleton, 4♣ = ♦ singleton 4♦ = ♠ singleton,

1© - 2NT - 3¨ = unbalanced with extras, 3© asks

3ª = void (relay asks void)

3NT = § singleton, 4§ = ¨ singleton 4♦ = ♠ singleton

1© - 2NT – 3© = 54xy playable in side 4 card suit relay asks suit

1© - 2NT – 3ª = 6322 or 7222 maximum or 5332 17,18

1© - 2NT – 3NT = 6322 or 7222 minimum

1© - 2NT - 4§ or 4¨ = 2 suiter shows 2 top honors in 2^nd suit

1ª- 2NT - 3§ = minimum hand, 3¨ asks,

3© = void (relay asks void)

3♠ = balanced with controls

3NT =♣ singleton, 4♣ = ♦ singleton 4♦ = ♥ singleton

1ª - 2NT - 3¨ = unbalanced with extras, 3© asks

3ª = void (relay asks void)

3NT = § singleton, 4§ = ¨ singleton 4♦ = © singleton

1ª - 2NT - 3© = 54xy playable in side 4 card suit relay asks suit

1ª - 2NT - 3ª= 6322 or 7222 maximum or 5332 17,18

1ª - 2NT – 3NT = 6322 or 7222 minimum

1ª - 2NT - 4§, 4©, 4¨ = 4§ or 4¨ = 2 suiter shows 2 top honors in 2^nd suit

Interference

Opponent overcalls below 3 of our suit

X = penalty

3 of our suit shows singleton in opp suit

3NT = high stopper in opp suit with xtras

2nd suit = xtras with singleton

q = void

Opponent overcalls above 3 of our suit

Pass = penalty type hand

Bidding shows offensive type holding in opp suit with xtras

Pass and pull = offensive holding with wk nt,

X = shortness

Note that in all auctions opener must always act with shortness in opponents suit

2♣ OPENINGS

2§ 2¨ = 0-1 control, then

2©( Kokish) 2♠

2NT (25-26)

3♣ = hearts (allows)

3♦ = 2^nd negative for ♥

3♦ = ♦♥ 2 suiter

3♥ = ♣ ♥ 2 suiter

3♠ = ♠♥ canapé

3NT = 27,28

4♣ = baron

4♦, 4♥, 4♠ = natural

4NT = 29,30

4♣ = baron

4♦, 4♥, 4♠ = natural

2ª = natural

3♣ = 2^nd negative

2NT = 22 -24

After natural 2NT 22 - 24 (differs from 2♦ openings and higher nts) then

3§ = Stayman

(Smolen after 3¨) then over 3NT by opener

4§ = long major transfer (allows last train / cue )

4♦ = long major transfer no slam interest

4©= xy04

4♠ = xy40

3ª over 3© or 4© over 3ª = force in openers major (opponent doubles stayman principles apply)

2♣ - 2X - 2NT – 3♣ - 3♦ - 4♥ = 5-5 Majors game only

4♠ = 5-5 Majors forcing

3¨ = Jacoby transfer (Super accept shows concentration, 3NT shows concentration in transfer suit allowing re transfer) If responder rebids 3ª he shows shortness. Opener relays with 3NT to ask, responder then cues singleton (© = replacement for ª)

3© = Jacoby transfer. (Super accept shows concentration, 3NT shows concentration in transfer suit allowing re transfer)

2♣ - 2X - 2NT – 3♥ - 3♠ - 4♥ = 5-5 Majors invitational

3ª = transfer to 3NT (only way to sign off at 3NT)

If responder continues then;

4§ = x y 5 4

relay asks 2/2,3-1,1-3 (if relay response is 4NT bid higher with force)

4¨ = x y 4 5

relay asks 2/2,3-1,1-3 (if relay response is 4NT bid higher with force)

4© = 2 1 5 5

4ª = 1 2 5 5

4NT = 2 2 x y

3NT = § transfer

new suit shows shortness

4§ = ¨ transfer

new suit shows shortness

3§ = natural

3♦ = not 2^nd negative (stopper showing instead)

3¨ = any 4441 bid suits up the line

3© = § based strong 2 with 4 © canapé

3ª = § based strong 2 with 4 ª canapé

3NT = § based strong 2

4¨ = § based strong 2 with 4 ¨ canapé

2© = 2 controls, then

2ª = natural

2NT 22+

3§ = natural

3¨ = any 4441 bid suits up the line

3ª = § based strong 2 with 4 ª canapé

3NT = § based strong 2

4¨ = § based strong 2 with 4 ¨ canapé

4© = § based strong 2 with 4 © canapé

2ª = 3 controls , Structures similar

2NT = any six card or longer suit headed by KJ10, KQ10,KQJ or KQJ10 no side controls

Opener may bid 3 of a major natural , 3¨ with 3 suiter or 3§ to ask suit.

Responder bids suit below suit (¨=©, ©=ª, ª=§, NT =¨) if opener then relays he asks for suit quality with 4 step response as follows

1^st step = KJ10

2^nd step = KQ10

3^rd step = KQJ

4^th step = KQJ10

If opener relays again it asks for suit length

3 step response = 6, 7 or 8 card suit

N Deals

E-W Vul

Q87642

T86

KQJ764

J42

	N
W		E
	S

AKQ9643

	2
8		24
	6

T85

J93

KQ953

EW 7N; EW 7♠; EW 7♥; EW 2♣; EW 1♦; Optimal Contract −2220

2§ - 2NT

3§(relay) - 3© (suit below)

3ª (relay) - 4¨ (KQJ)

question becomes how to bid best grand

3§ = 4 controls

3¨ = 5 controls

3© = solid six card minor

3ª = solid six card major

3NT = any solid seven card suit

Interference

Double indicates 2nd negative type hand

With neg X type hand pass

2NT = full control stopper natural (with tertiary stopper pass and rebid 3NT)

q bid = unbalanced stayman like take out

if overcall is 2♦

then reverse majors with semi positive + values ie. 2♥ = ♠ & 2♠ = ♥ 3♣ = ♣ 3♦ = un balanced negative x type hand

if overcall is 2♥

then 2♠ = ♦, 3♣ =♣ (no need to transfer to ♣) 3♦ = ♠ 3♥ = un balanced negative x type hand

if overcall is 2♠

then 3♣ =♣ 3♦ = ♥ 3♥ = ♦ 3♠ = un balanced negative x type hand

if overcall is 2NT

then 3♣ =♣ , 3♦ = ♥, 3♥ = ♠ 3♠ = ♦

if overcall is 3♣

3♦ = ♥, 3♥ = ♠

if overcall is 3♦

if overcall is 3♥

if opener jumps in major or diamonds after pass by responder it shows canapé hand

2♦ OPENINGS

2¨ showing 19-21 balanced or ¨ force

ALTERNATE treatment showing 18-19 balanced or ¨ force (see 2nt jump rebids and revert to 2NT opening 20-21, with 2§ structure continuations, abandon shariff 3¨ opening)

Responses 2© = ª transfer then

2ª = minimum. If responder raises to 3ª he shows only 5 trump as to right side game contracts.

If responder rebids 2NT he shows a six card ª suit asking opener to cooperate

2NT = ª super accept with 19-21 balanced. Responder may retransfer with 3©

All other calls show ¨ force. 3ª would show ª super accept with ¨ force

If opener shows 4 card major with strong 2 in¨then 4 § by responder is an adv qqqqqqqqqqqqqbance in openers major

2ª = transfer to 2NT then

3§ = stayman (opponent doubles stayman principles apply)

3¨ = © transfer If responder rebids 3ª he shows shortness.

Opener relays with 3NT to ask, responder then cues singleton (© = replacement for ª)

3© = minors (3♠ by opener suggests interest)

3ª = ♣ transfer (with medium values)

2NT = § transfer (either weak or strong) then

3¨, 3©, 3ª = shortness

3N = quantitative

4¨, 4©, 4ª, = exclusion bw

3§ = ¨ transfer then

3©,3ª = shortness

3NT = quantitative

4§ = shortness

4©, 4ª, 5§ = exclusion bw

3¨, 3©, 3ª, 3NT = 4441 (each bid shows suit below singleton NT = ¨)

if opener cues singleton it asks total controls 1^st step 0-1 2^nd step 2 etc.

4♦, 4♥ = texas

Interference over 2¨

After overcall, x = negative with values to accept 3NT (Pass with 0 count)

Opener reopens with x on correct shapes, reopens with 2NT on absolute maximums , other reopenings show ♦ force

After 2© or 2ª overcall 2NT, 3§, 3¨, 3© = transfersohl as after 1NT opening

But 2NT always announces weak hand, higher transfers show game going values

Texas transfers still on

GOOD BAD 2NT

Occurs when responder has bid (or made negative X) at one level showing some values and 4^th hand bids 2 of something higher than openers suit

Includes responses of 1NT

If opener jumps to 3 NT he could have either balanced 18

or long minor type hand (although not when playing 2¨ opening 18-19 balanced)

OVER OPPONENTS 1NT

2§ = both majors

2¨ = major one suiter

2♠ shows heart accept short spades

(with independent ♠ suit bid 2♠ followed by 3♠ if partner shows ♥

2NT by advancer asks whether overcaller has a max or min

3♣ by overcaller = min

3♦ = xfer to ♥ with max

3♥ = xfer to ♠ with max

3♣ asks opener to xfer to his major

3♦ = invitational values for both majors

3♥ = preemptive pass or correct

2© = © + minor

2♠ = ♠ + minor

2NT = asks minor some values

3♣ = hopeless hand pass or correct

3♦ = invitational in our major

double = either minor one suiter or canapé with 4 card major and longer minor

generally forces 2♣ (advancer bids 2♣ with no interest in overcallers major if he had one, bids 2♦ to ask opener to bid major with canapé hand, may have to play 3♣ instead of 2♣) followed by

pass = ♣ one suiter

2♦ =one suiter

2♥ = canapé with longer minor

2♠ = canapé with longer minor

OVER OPPONENTS 1NT OVERCALL (MINOR)

After a minor suit opening and a1NT overcall by opponent then

2§ = TO for majors 2¨ = major one suiter 2M = Major and minor

After 2C both majors 2D by opener is still choose a major

Same applies after

(1m) P (1NT)

(1m) P (1NT) P (P)

1m (1NT) , but

*double has normal meaning in these auctions

2NT AND ROMAN JUMPS OVER OPPONENTS WEAK 2

After a weak 2 in ¨

(2¨) – 2NT – (P) then

3§ = stayman (with smolen continuation)

3¨= © transfer

3© = ª transfer

3ª = § transfer

Roman Jumps (Forcing)

4♣ = ♣ and ♥

4♦ = ♣ and ♠

Cue bid = both majors (¨auction only see below re majors)

After a weak 2 in ©

(2©) – 2NT – (P) then

3§ = transfer to ¨ then

3ª = very weak to play

3© = balanced stayman

3NT = ¨ suit slam try

3¨ = ª transfer with at least invitational values

3© = stayman unbalanced

3ª = § transfer

Roman Jumps (Forcing)

4♣ = ♣ and ♠

4♦ = ♦ and ♠

Cue bid = one suiter stopper ask

4© = minors better hand

4NT = minors lesser hand

After a weak 2 in ª

(2ª) – 2NT – (P) then

3§ = transfer to ¨ then

3© = very weak to play

3ª = balanced stayman

3NT = ¨ suit slam try

3¨ = © transfer with at least invitational values

3© = § transfer

3ª = stayman unbalanced

Roman Jumps (Forcing)

4♣ = ♣ and ♥

4♦ = ♦ and ♥

Cue bid = one suiter stopper ask

4ª = minors better hand

4NT = minors lesser hand

(2¨) – P – P - 2NT then

3§ = stayman (with smolen continuation)

3¨= © transfer

3© = ª transfer

3ª = § transfer

3NT OVERCALL

(3any) – 3NT

4§ asks

4¨ = long suit type overcall

4© (15 – 17). 4ª (18-19), 4NT (20 +) = quantitative

4¨,4© = transfer if possible

4ª = both minors or other minor depending on opponents suit

VS WEAK NT

Weak NTs are defined as point ranges less than 14-16. 2§ = TO for majors 2¨ = major one suiter 2M = Major and minor

When we double, if responder runs to a suit then double by advancer is TO. Pass by advancer is forcing and double by opener is TO.

If we double a wk NT it creates a force through 2©

Advancers double is TO

Doubles of stayman and transfers are card showing

DRURY

2 of major rebid negative. 2© rebid after ª opening is forcing

Pas - 1©/ª

2§ = 9-11 3+©/ª

Pas – 1♥/♠

2♣ - 2♦ = ambiguous

2 way game tries still applicable here

2♥/♠ = min.

2♥ over 1♠ opening = nat.+ forcing

2NT = slammish

3♣ = min with 3 trump

3♦ = unbalanced min with 3 trump (relay asks singleton)

3♥ = side suit (with 3 trump) relay asks suit

3♠ = controlfull flat hand with 4 trump

3NT = ♠ splinter in ♥ auction

4♣,♦,♥ = splinter in ♠ auction

4 our major = 4 trump flat bad controls

pas - 1©

2ª = 5-5 m’s 9-11

2NT = fit jump with ♣

3§ = nat.6+§ 9-11

3¨ = fit jump

3© = 5 trump balanced

3ª = 5+© and singleton relay asks

3NT/4§/4¨ = 5+ © and void ª/§/¨

pass -1♠

2NT = fit jump with ♣

3§ = nat.6+§ 9-11

3¨ = fit jump

3♥ = fit jump

3♠ = 5 trump balanced

3NT + 5+♠ and singleton relay asks

4♣,4♦,4♥ = void and 5 + ♠

pass -1♠

2§ 2¨

2© = last train (unavailable in © auction)

1430 KEY CARD IN MAJORS

After a queen ask, sign off without queen of trump or show cheapest king. 5NT acts as replacement to show king of relay suit.

In order for bw to be 1430 the major must be established below game, with the following exceptions;

(4 any) 4 M (P) 4NT

1m (4 level overcall) 4M (P)

4NT

1M (P) 2 over 1 (P)

3M jump (P) 4NT

5NT direct response to bW = 2 + useful void

Jump to 6§ = 1+ useful void jump in void if possible (6♥ = ♠ in ♥ auction)

EXCLUSION BLACKWOOD.

0 or 4,1,2,3 straight up the line key cards. No queen asks

SIX KEY CARD BLACKWOOD

5♣ = 1 or 4,

5♦ = 0,3,6

5♥ = 2 or 5 no queens

5♠ = 2 or 5 lower queen

5NT = 2 or 5 higher queen

6♣ = 2 or 5 both queens

REDWOOD

We raise from 2 -3 of our minor (4 red or 4♠ if ♥ already natural)

We jump rebid our minor

1NT followed by minor +1

4N rebids after ask are to play.

1 minor – 1 major

2NT* - 4 minor

5¨ over §s and 5© over ¨s are grand trys. Show cheapest king or sign off with no kings. 5NT =king of relay suit.

TO DOUBLE OVER WEAK 2

(2¨) – X - P -

2NT = lebensohl for ♣

followed by major = invitational

followed by q = at least 1 major and stopper

followed by 3NT = one stopper

3♦ = both majors no stopper

Jump to 3M = forcing

Jump to 3NT = confidence

(2©) – X – P-

2NT = choice of minor lebensohl

or if followed by Q bid = other major + stopper

or if followed by 3NT = one stopper

or if followed by 3ª = invitational

3§ = clubs extended HCP range

3¨ = natural constructive

3© = directionless force

3ª = forcing

3NT = confidence

(2ª) – X – P –

2NT = choice of minor lebensohl

or if followed by Q bid = stopper + ♥s

or if followed by 3NT = one stopper

or if followed by 3© = weak

3§ = clubs extended HCP range

3¨ = natural constructive

3© = natural constructive

3ª = other major

3NT = confidence

MICHAELS’S CUE BID

Michael’s Cue Bid

1M – 2M

2NT = asks minor some values

3♣ = hopeless hand pass or correct

3♦ = invitational in our major

1m – 2m

2NT = range ask

3♣ = worst values

3♦ = medium values

3♥ =56xy

3♠ = 65xy

3NT = maximum

3♣ = invitational in ♥

3♦ = invitational in ♠

(1m) P (1M) 2m= Michaels

(1♣) P (1♦) 2♣ = Michaels

2♦ = natural

After michaels q advancers 4 d in comp over opponents 3 of their major announces good hand for our major and creates force

NAMYATS

4§ = strong 4© opening, 4¨ = strong 4ª opening Provisions: suit always headed by AK or better but not 7 solid and out (see Sharrif 3¨ opening)

can contain an outside ace

4§-4¨ = slam try with 1 or 3 key cards

opener signs off with ony 2 (those being the AK of trump)

opener cues an outside ace, 4NT = replacement for ª ace to allow…

4ª = opener announces an outside void. 4NT asks void

4¨-4©= slam try with 1 or 3 key cards

opener signs off with ony 2 (those being the AK of trump)

opener cues an outside ace

4NT = opener announces an outside void. 5§ asks void

4§ -4NT = 2 key card slam try no fast losers at least 2 small trump

4¨ - 4NT = 2 key card slam try no fast losers at least 2 small trump

4§ - 4ª,5§,5¨ = 2 key card slam try with fast losers in bid suit (denial cue bid)

4¨ - 5§,5¨, 5© = 2 key card slam try with fast losers in bid suit (denial cue bid)

4§-5©= 2 key card slam try no fast losers singleton or void in trump

4¨-5ª= 2 key card slam try no fast losers singleton or void in trump

Interference ; below our suit substitute pass for 1,3 key card slam try

ADVANCERS ACTIONS (after 1 level overcall)

No force other than q available

If overcaller cues it is forcing to game

New suits by advancer = not forcing

2 level new suit by advancer = non forcing

jump in new suit by advancer = excellent hand

Jump q’s by advancer = mixed raise

Jump raise by advancer = weak

If advancer cues and opener acts then passing shows worst hand (creates non force ) bidding infers some offense

RETRANSFER AFTER 1NT or 2NT REBID

1. 1§ - (1¨) – x –( p )

1NT- ( p ) - 2§ = nat NF

2¨ = TR ©

2© = TR 4ª

2ª = cue bid (kolor wroga )

3¨ = 4414 GF

1.1 1§ - (1¨) – x –( p )

2NT- ( p ) - 3§ = nat GF

3¨ = TR ©

3© = TR 4ª

3ª = 4414

1NT- ( p ) - 2§ = nat NF

2¨ = TR 4+©

2© = TR ª

2ª = cue bid (kolor wroga )

2NT- ( p ) - 3§ = nat GF

3¨ = TR 4+©

3© = TR ª

3ª = 4315

1NT- ( p ) - 2§ = nat NF

2¨ = nat NF

2© = TR ª

2ª = cue bid (kolor wroga )

3© = 4144 GF

2NT- ( p ) - 3§ = nat

3¨ = nat

3© = TR ª

3ª = 4144 (4135)

1NT- ( p ) - 2§ = nat NF

2¨ = nat NF

2© = TR ª

2ª = cue bid (kolor wroga )

2NT- ( p ) - 3§ = nat

3¨ = nat

3© = TR ª

3ª = 4144 (4135)

REVERSES

After a 2 level reverse 4^th suit or 2ª whichever is cheaper is forcing but responder might pass openers rebid.

If opener has a game force he should not rebid his minor or 2NT.

Jumps to 3NT by responder show 10-12.

1m – 1NT – 2M – preference to minor = non force

in openers minor4^th suit = force

1♣ - 1♠ - 2♥ - 2♠ - 3♥ = not necessarily 6/5 (opener would pull 3NT with good 6/5)

in ♦ reverse auction, opener may have to guess how to rebid

if responder jumps to 4NT after reverse it is ace only blackwood

OVER PENALTY X OF 1NT

After direct X,Stayman and major suit transfer are on. Redouble asks opener to bid 2§.

Same applies after 1NT overcall of a minor, but

(1♥) 1NT (X) XX = minor one suiter

2C = C + another

2D = D + S

2H = xfer

(1♠) 1NT (X) XX = minor one suiter

2C = C + another

2D = D + H

2H = natural

1NT (P) P (X)

P (P) XX = minor one suiter

2C = C + another

2D = D + another

2H = H + S

SANDWHICH AUCTIONS

1NT sandwhich overcall = natural

q of responders suit = stayman

2 of other suits including opener = natural but:

After (1♥) - P - (1♠) – 1NT

2♣ = ♣, 2♦ = ♦ ,2♥ = transfer ,2♠ = q bid, 2NT natural, 3 minor = invitational

DON’T runouts over penalty doubles

2 of RHO suit = natural

2 of openers suit = michael’s

By Passed Hand

P (1§) P (1ª)

2§ = 5,5

2NT = more shape 5/6 or better

P (1§) P (1©)

1NT =

2§ = 5/5

2NT = more shape 5/6 or better

BALANCING NT

After 1 of a minor P P, 1NT = 11-14.

After 1 of a major P P, 1NT = 10-16

If responder bids 2§, the one no trumper

bids at the 2 level with 10-12

bids 2NT with 13,14 followed by stayman

bids at the 3 level with 15-16

SHARRIF 3♦ OPENING

A 3¨ opening shows a seven card solid suit with no entries.

3ª by responder is game force then

SUPPORT X

Standard support double sequences are on. They include after a TO double as well as overcall by openers LHO. Support X is not mandatory.

Double of a “sandwich” NT is support

Double of a strong NT overcall is not support

If 4^th hand q bids or bids a new suit support x is on

Support redoubles are on

UNUSUAL VS UNUSUAL

When opponent overcalls 2NT for minors,

Over 2nt unusual 3♣ is other major 3♦ is limit in partners major

3NT is game force in partners major

Double of 2NT shows defense against one or both of their suits or

x follow by other major is 5 card suit weak

pass follow by x is 4 cards in others major

To play 3NT responder must x first

Other calls and raises are competitive or to play.

When opponent overcalls 1♣ with 2NT for reds

3♦ = ♠ force

3♥ = ♣ force

3♠ = to play

Over Opponents Michaels

1♥ (2♥) 2♠ = ♣ transfer

2NT = limit plus in ♥

3♣ = ♦ transfer

3♦ = mixed raise in ♥

1♠ (2♠) 2NT = ♣ transfer (caution avoid wrong siding 3NT!)

3♣ = ¨ transfer

3¨ = mixed raise in ª

3♥ = limit plus ♠ raise

X = defensive

3NT = natural

AFTER DON’T DOUBLE

redouble is penalty. System on

After Capaletti 2§ double = stayman other system on

If responder passes and then doubles it is Take out

If opener doubles 2¨ by advancer then he shows a generally “good” NT inviting responder to act

WEAK 2♥ AND WEAK 2♠

Standard treatment. Reasonably good 6 card suits. 2NT asks feature. New suit forcing.

If opener jumps to 4§ or 4¨ after 2NT he shows 6-4

After opponents TO X “McCabe” is on. Responder makes a lead directional call or bids 2NT to run.

TRANSFERS OVER OPP TO X

INT = §

2§ = ¨

3♣ = 4 trump raise mixed

1ª (X) INT = §

2§ = ¨

2¨ = ©

2ª = raise 0-6 HCP

3♣ = 4 trump raise mixed

1§ - X - 1♦(4 or 5 pieces),2♦ (6 pieces weak or strong),3♦ (invitational 6+) = ♥ transfers,

1♥(4 or 5 pieces), 2♥(6 pieces weak or strong),3♥(invitational 6+) = ♠ transfers,

1♠ = NT transfer (could be prelude to ♦ )

2♠ = limit raise in ♣

2NT = weak club raise

3♣ = weak

1¨ - X - no transfers

3 ♦ = limit in minor

2NT = weak jump raise in ♦

2♥, 2♠ = fit showing

3♣ = mixed raise in ♦

After opponents neg x transfers are on from 1NT through 2♥

Immediate raises to 2 of major = preemptive

Xfer to 2M = constructive

TRANSFERS AFTER 1¨ OVERCALL

1© = 4-5ª

1ª = tr®NT

1NT = nat

2§ = NF

2ª = § inv.+

2NT = nat inv.

3§ =§ pre

3♦ = 6+♥ inv.

3© = 6+♠ inv

3ª = 0-1♦ splinter

4♦ = Texas

4♥ = Texas

1ª ® a) NT

b) ♦ NF

1NT = nat

2§ = nat

2¨ = ♦ inv.+

2ª = §inv.+

2NT = nat

3§ = 6+§ inv

3¨ = 6+¨ inv

3© = 6+♠ inv

3ª = 0-1♥ splinter

4♥ = Texas

x = ª transfer (with as few as 4 cards), 1ª = NT transfer (responder may not intend to play NT)

1NT Natural

After 1§ (1¨) then

After 1§ (1©)

JUMP RAISE IN COMP

Jump raises to 3 level in competition could be “weak” or “mixed” depending on colors and position (in other words extended HCP range 0 – 8 or so)

JUMP Q BIDS

Jump q in overcallers suit after major opening is splinter

Jump q in ♠ after minor opening is 3NT transfer

Direct jump q in minor = stopper ask

Direct jump q in major = stopper ask

Jump q by advancer = mixed raise

Indirect jump q in minor = stopper ask

Indirect jump q in major = stopper ask

(1M) 2m (P) 3M = mixed

(1♠) 2♥ (P) 3♠ = splinter

FIT SHOWING JUMPS

Fit showing jumps by passed hands

After major opening

3♣ = clubs

2NT = fit jump wuth ♣

Passed hand jumps to game are fit showing

Fit showing jumps in comp to 4 of minor by unpassed after major opening

In competitive ♦ auctions ( we open or overcall ) jumps to 2 of a major are fit showing 5 cards in major and at least 4 cards in ♦ non forcing range 6-9 HCP reasonable non wastage

P (1 ♣) 1 ♦ (P)

2 ♥,♠*

(1 ♣) 1 ♦ (1 ♥) 2 ♠*

1♦ (X) 2 Major but 3♣ = mixed ¨ raise * (no transfers available)

(1 ♣) 1 ♦ (2 ♥) 3 ♠*

TRANSFER AFTER OPPONENTS NEG X (not ♦ overcall)

After opponents neg x transfers are on from 1NT through 2♥

Immediate raises to 2 of major = preemptive

Xfer to 2M = constructive

DEFENSIVE CARDING

Ace from AK vs suit but;

A from AK when we pass out a weak two bid or lower

In preemptive auctions higher than above leadK

At 5 level no matter what lead K

When partner of a TO doubler is on lead lead K

Roman mud (2^nd highest) throughout (opening lead and middle of hand)

4^th best with honor

Smith Echo

J, 10, 9 = 0 or 2 only during hand

K from AK then shift to another suit = singleton in shift suit

2♥ (3♦) P (P)

N Deals

None Vul

♠ 84

♥AT8764

♦ 2

♣KJT3

♠Q76

♥J93

♦J63

♣AQ86

	N
W		E
	S

♠J92

♥KQ5

♦AKQT5

♣74

♠ AKT53

♥2

♦9874

♣ 952

W 2N; NS 2♥; E 1N; NS 1♠; NS 1♣; Optimal Contract −100: NS 3♥×−1

Odd even first discard

Regular count and attitude

Vs NT K asks unblock Q asks attitude

Lead 9 from honor 98 ( lead 8 from 98XX or 98x no honor)

Attitude in general at trick 1

If visible singleton suit preference (no presumed singletons)

If 3^rd hand is known to have length in suit then middle is encouraging and high low is suit preference

In other situations where 3 way signals are available then suit preference is on

Trap Doubles

(1♣) P (1♥) P

(1NT) X* = take out of ♥

(1♣) P (1♥) P

(1♠) X* = take out of ♠

these type doubles are TO of last suit not power offshape in traditional sense, with offshape power hands better to overcall 1NT but

(1♣) P (1NT) P

(P) X = penalty trap

(1♣) P (1♥) P

(1NT) P (P) X = penalty trap

1¨ (1ª) P (2ª)

P (P) X= take out, 2NT = §suit with 3 card¨ support

SPECIAL AUCTIONS

double of splinter bid = sacrifice oriented nv vs v otherwise lead directional for suit below splinter suit

we open bidding (overcall) 3 level jump shift (not defined as conventional) = excellent one suiter eg; 1♠ (2♣) 3♦*

Vs polish club 2♣ = natural 2♦ = Michaels

Vs strong club X = majors 1NT = minors

Vs precision ♦ (short) –

2¨ = natural in direct

3¨ = strong michaels in direct

(1¨) P (1ª) 2¨ = michaels

(1¨) P (1ª) 3¨ =

VS 2NT opening showing both minors

3c is 54 majors

3D is 55 majors

Opponent overcalls our NT with 2♦ showing 1 major, then X = negative of ♥ and pass followed by X = negative of ♠, direct 2♥ and 2♠ to play

Transfersohl front of card applies

2nt = §

3§ = ¨

We make a TO X and opponent bids then

X = penalty if their call was a major

X = responsive if their call was a minor

X = suit showing if their call was a transfer

X = suit showing if their call was artificial raise

2NT = better minor lebensohl over 2 of their suit or artificial raise

Q bid of their lower suit = invitational in our higher suit

Q bid in their higher suit is invitational in our lower suit

If corresponding q bids allow 2 of either of our suits that takes priority

Jumps weak

Bids at 2 level to play

Super accepts of major suit transfers over 2NT are concentration showing (3NT shows concentration in transfer suit )

Handling 1435 and 1453 non reversible minimums

Do not rebid 1NT with small singleton

With singleton honor ok to rebid 1NT

With 1453 rebidding 2♣ on tripleton is acceptable

With 1435 (worst case) rebidding 2♣ on 5 is acceptable with reasonable suit otherwise “guess what to do”

1M (simple overcall) q = limit exactly

2NT = forcing raise in major

by passed hand 2NT = natural

responder bids new suit in competition at three level = non forcing

1any – 4NT = straight aces

(1 any) 3 of their suit = asking for stopper ( including minors (1♣) - 3♣ and (1♦) – 3♦ )

(1M) – P – (2M) – 3M = one suiter asking for stopper

(1♦) – P – (1M) – P

(1NT) – 2♣ = two places to play

1♥ - 1♠

3♥ - 4♣ = ♥ raise

1♠ - 1NT

3♠ - 4♣ = ♠ raise

1♠ - 1NT

3♥ - 4♣ = ♥ raise

1♠ - 1NT

3♣ - 3♦

3♥ - 4♣ = ♥ raise

1NT (P) 2♣ (2M)

P (P) X = penalty but

1NT (P) 2♣ (2♦)

P (P) X = TO

1NT (P) 2♣ (2 any)

X = penalty

(1♥) 1♠ (2♥)

x= limit raise in ♠ (3♥ shows 4 trump)

2NT = minors

(1♠) 2♥ (2♠)

x= limit raise in ♥

2NT = minors

(1♦) 1♠ (P) 2♦

(P) 2♥ = last train

(1♠) x (4♠)

5♥ = slam possible

4NT followed by 5 ♥ = to play

(also applies in other auctions where we have made TO X and they bid to 4♠)4NT in comp = best raise

Pass and pull = good raise

Pass and 4NT = interested in other strains

1m (1♠) 3♠ = 3NT transfer

1♥ (1♠) 3♠ = splinter

4♣, 4♦ = fit showing (in comp only splinter in opp suit)

1♣ (P) 1♥ (P)

1♠ (P) 3♦* = forcing

1♥ (P) 1♠ (P)

2♣ (P) 3♦* = weak

1♦ (P) 1♥ (P)

1♠ (P) 3♣* = weak

1♣,♦ (P) 1♥ (1♠)

1NT = good weak nt

1♣,♦ (P) 1♥ (1♠)

P (P) Q = game force

Our minor to play

Other minor = invitational

E Deals Vul EW	♠ 10 ♥ A543 ♦ AQJ9 ♣ J632
♠ A965 ♥ 86 ♦ 10743 ♣ Q95		♠ J83 ♥ KJ109 ♦ K ♣ AK874
	♠ KQ742 ♥ Q72 ♦ 8652 ♣ 10

(1♣) 1♠ (P) 1NT

(P) 2♦ (P) 3♣* = to play, raise to 3♦ only possibility to support ♦

(1♦) 1♠ (P) 1NT

(P) 2♣ (P) 2♦ = to play

in ♥ overcall auction ♠ available as q bid in above auction no q available (raise instead)

(1any) X (P) 1NT

(p) 2 minor = non force, jump in minor forcing

note that if advancer had jumped to 2NT then of a 3 minor becomes forcing

After a 1♣ opening, interference, then ♦ reverses at 2,3 and 4 level are forcing

1 minor (1NT) P (P)

X = TO of other minor

Power auctions after our TO double

Q followed by free bid = game force

Jump Q = game force

Q = non game force

3 level Q in comp = game force

2 q bids by doubler = game force

Over opponents XX pass follow by bid shows cards, direct jump over XX is weak

1♠ (X) 2♦* (P)

2♥ (P) 3♦ = invitational in reds, 3♣ = invitational in rounds

*transfer

(1♦) P (1♥) P

(1NT) 2♣ = 2 places to play

(1♥,♠) – 2♥,♠ - (3♥,♠ ) – 3NT = to play

4♣ = pick minor non force

4NT = pick minor force

(Major suit preempt) X (5 of Major) pass = forcing with constructive values, X = bad hand wanting to defend sacrifice, we presume that advancer is weak

In competitive auctions where 3NT is a viable but uncertain contract, double and or the use of 3♠ should be considered interest in 3NT,

Examples

1♠ (2♣) 2♦ (2♥)

3♦ (3♥) X* (P)

3♠* (P) 3NT (P)

E Deals Both Vul	♠ K83 ♥ J106542 ♦ 632 ♣ 7
♠ 95 ♥ Q ♦ KQJ10875 ♣ K32		♠ AJ1074 ♥ A83 ♦ A94 ♣ 86
	♠ Q62 ♥ K97 ♦ ♣ AQJ10954

*in this case X indicates not willing to give up on 3NT as does 3♠, the worrisome suit is inferred to be ♥

P (P) 1NT (2♣ one suiter)

3♦ minor 55 (P) 3♥ (P)

3♠*

* not able to bid 3NT with partial spade stopper but also not willing to give up on 3NT

After ♠ overcall by opponent, 4 of other minor is Texas

Last train CAN be used at 5, 6, and 7 level

Opponent’s Responder q bids our overcall

If one or both major is still available our double is responsive

Also applies when they make artificial raise however

(1♠) 2♦ (3♦) 3NT = natural but,

(1♠) 2♥ (3♥) 3NT = minors , 3NT natural unplayable

If we overcall 2NT unusual for minors, then advancers q bid is forcing to game

After 1m and 2m rebid by opener 2NT by responder is one round force

4NT opening = massive 5 of minor opening (ie 10 tricks)

After major opening in 1 or 2^nd seat and overcall by opponent 2NT = game force in major but does not preclude 3NT as final contract. Opener responds as Jacoby 2NT but can pass 3NT if he has shown a balanced minimum. (Note that with hopeless balanced minimum opener should not bid 4M to allow 3NT by responder)

Over 2NT opening 20-21 5§ = aces only blackwood

Mixed raise rules

Jump to one under = mixed if nothing else available, mixed takes priority so weak jump not available in § auctions (corollary; if jump is available it shows runnable long suit opposite high doubleton honor)

When 2 cue bids are available then higher is mixed

When we make a TO or reopening X after a natural 1NT by us then 2NT is always TO two places to play

EXCEPTION; when we overcall their major with 1NT it is natural to play

In minor suit power auctions (2/1, reverses) 4 of minor is worst ( or best hand)

Over Opponent’s 3 of minor (including raises to 3 of their minor and (2♦) P (3♦) to us )

4§ = both majors

4♦ = one major

4♥ = ♥ + minor

4♠ = ♠ + minor

Delayed Heart Raises

1§ - 1♥

1♠ - 1NT

2♦ = puppet to 2♥ minimum 3 card support,

direct 2♥ = xtras

1♦ - 1♥

1♠ - 1NT

2§ = puppet to 2♦,

Then 2♥ = minimum tripleton heart

2♦ - 4360 xtras

2♥ = xtras

Inverted Minor § auction

1§ - 2§

2NT - 3♦ = either short D or mild quantitative raise/ 3H asks/ 3S = short D, 3N = mild quantitative raise

When opener makes a 4 level rebid in comp after 1 of a major by responder then single jumps are natural strong jump shifts and double jumps show support for responders major. Jump to 4 level in opponents suit = splinter, double jump to 4^th suit = splinter with control in opponents suit, jump to 4 of own minor = support for responders major.With balanced support for partners major make a cue bid. Cue bid could also be strong 1 suiter

When we open a major and raise to 2 of M in competition, 3 level bids by opener followed by game bid does not promise slam try as it would out of competion.

Anytime we make a shape relay and the highest response is one step below game in an agreed M, not leaving us a last train bid, making that normal response shows either a hand that would sign off if partner bid last train, or a hand that has 5 level values on its own and will continue to bid over a sign off. Bidding 4 of our M shows a hand that would do more than sign off over last train but that is not willing to get to the 5 level unless partner has some more life.